Updated daily at 05:00 UTC
Vision-language
GPT-5 nano
- Released
- 7 Aug 2025
- Status
- Deprecated
- Retired
- 11 Dec 2026
- Context
- 400K
- Max output
- 128K
- Input per 1M tokens
- $0.05
- Output per 1M tokens
- $0.40
- Open weights
- No
- License
- proprietary
- Parameters
- —
- Knowledge cutoff
- 31 May 2024
- Reasoning
- Yes
- Modalities
- text, image → text
Category scores
Out of 100, from independent and third-party results only, by method category-2026-09-29.1.
| Category | Score | Rank | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge & reasoning | 16.3 | 84 | 2 of 4 |
| Vision & multimodal understanding | 5.8 | Not ranked | 1 of 3 |
| Factuality & hallucination | 11.7 | 66 | 1 of 1 |
| Human preference | 30.0 | Not ranked | 2 of 5 |
Benchmark results
Every result we hold for this model, with who ran it and where it was published.
Knowledge & reasoning
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chess Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 27.0% | Independent | high | 7 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| Chess Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 15.0% | Independent | low | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
| Chess Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 1.0% | Independent | minimal | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
| DTBench (Decision Theory Benchmark) | Accuracy (capability questions) | 62.7% | Third party | high | — | https://conceptualreasoning.ai/dtbench via Epoch AI |
| LMCA (Language Model Conceptual Argumentation) | Correlation with expert ratings (Pearson r) | 0.0793 | Third party | high | — | https://conceptualreasoning.ai/lmca via Epoch AI |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 9.0% | Independent | medium | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 9.0% | Independent | low | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 8.0% | Independent | high | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| Mystery Game Puzzles | Puzzles solved | 5.0% | Independent | minimal | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
Scientific reasoning
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | Accuracy | 69.4% | Independent | high | 30 Oct 2025 | Epoch AI |
| GPQA Diamond | Accuracy | 67.4% | Independent | medium | 7 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| GPQA Diamond | Accuracy | 57.6% | Independent | low | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
| GPQA Diamond | Accuracy | 48.5% | Independent | minimal | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
Mathematics
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FrontierMath Tier 4 | Accuracy | 2.4% | Independent | high | 12 Jun 2026 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | Accuracy | 2.1% | Independent | medium | 7 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | Accuracy | 0.0% | Independent | high | 30 Oct 2025 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 | Accuracy | 20.0% | Independent | high | 12 Jun 2026 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 | Accuracy | 6.0% | Independent | low | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 | Accuracy | 1.8% | Independent | minimal | 27 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 (v1) | Accuracy | 8.3% | Independent | high | 30 Oct 2025 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 (v1) | Accuracy | 7.2% | Independent | medium | 7 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| MATH Level 5 | Accuracy | 95.2% | Independent | medium | 20 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| MATH Level 5 | Accuracy | 94.9% | Independent | high | 20 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 81.1% | Independent | high | 31 Oct 2025 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 74.2% | Independent | medium | 7 Aug 2025 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 46.7% | Independent | low | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 35.6% | Independent | minimal | 13 Jul 2026 | Epoch AI |
Coding & software engineering
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 21.8% | Third party | unknown | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 11.5% | Third party | medium | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 11.5% | Third party | unknown | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 9.9% | Third party | medium | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 9.9% | Third party | unknown | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 7.9% | Third party | medium | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 7.9% | Third party | unknown | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 7.0% | Third party | medium | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 7.0% | Third party | unknown | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| WeirdML (v2) | Average accuracy | 38.1% | Third party | high | — | https://htihle.github.io/weirdml.html via Epoch AI |
| WeirdML (v2) | Average accuracy | 25.9% | Third party | low | — | https://htihle.github.io/weirdml.html via Epoch AI |
Long context
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiction.LiveBench | % correct at 16K tokens (Epoch's column) | 44.4% | Third party | medium | — | Fiction.live leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Vision & multimodal understanding
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual Physics Comprehension Test (VPCT) | Correct | 37.2% | Third party | high | — | VPCT leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Visual Physics Comprehension Test (VPCT) | Correct | 35.4% | Third party | medium | — | VPCT leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Factuality & hallucination
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SimpleQA Verified | Accuracy (% correct) | 11.7% | Independent | high | 10 Aug 2026 | Epoch AI |
Human preference
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1338 | Independent | high | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 8111 | Independent | high | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1146 | Independent | high | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 3934 | Independent | high | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
Other GPT-5 versions
- GPT-5.6 Cyber10 Aug 2026
- GPT-5.6 Luna9 Jul 2026
- GPT-5.6 Sol9 Jul 2026
- GPT-5.6 Terra9 Jul 2026
- GPT-5.523 Apr 2026
- GPT-5.5 Pro23 Apr 2026
- GPT-5.4 mini17 Mar 2026
- GPT-5.4 nano17 Mar 2026
- GPT-5.45 Mar 2026
- GPT-5.4 Pro5 Mar 2026
- GPT-5.3 Instant (gpt-5.3-chat-latest)3 Mar 2026
- GPT-5.211 Dec 2025
- GPT-5.2 Instant (gpt-5.2-chat-latest)11 Dec 2025
- GPT-5.2 Pro11 Dec 2025
- GPT-5.112 Nov 2025
- GPT-5.1 Instant (gpt-5.1-chat-latest)12 Nov 2025
- GPT-57 Aug 2025
- GPT-5 Instant (gpt-5-chat-latest)7 Aug 2025
- GPT-5 mini7 Aug 2025
- GPT-5 Pro7 Aug 2025
- GPT-5.4 Cyber—
- GPT-5.5 Cyber—