Updated daily at 05:00 UTC
Vision-language
Gemini 2.5 Flash
- Released
- 17 Apr 2025
- Status
- Legacy
- Context
- 1M
- Max output
- 65.5K
- Input per 1M tokens
- $0.30
- Output per 1M tokens
- $2.50
- Open weights
- No
- License
- proprietary
- Parameters
- —
- Knowledge cutoff
- Jan 2025
- Reasoning
- Yes
- Modalities
- text, image, audio, video → text
Category scores
Out of 100, from independent and third-party results only, by method category-2026-09-29.1.
| Category | Score | Rank | Coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge & reasoning | 30.9 | 57 | 2 of 4 |
| Coding & software engineering | 55.1 | Not ranked | 1 of 5 |
| Agentic tool use | 33.5 | Not ranked | 1 of 2 |
| Professional knowledge work | 41.1 | 2 | 1 of 1 |
| Vision & multimodal understanding | 47.7 | 7 | 2 of 3 |
| Human preference | 39.4 | Not ranked | 2 of 5 |
Benchmark results
Every result we hold for this model, with who ran it and where it was published.
Knowledge & reasoning
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DTBench (Decision Theory Benchmark) | Accuracy (capability questions) | 76.5% | Third party | — | — | https://conceptualreasoning.ai/dtbench via Epoch AI |
| LMCA (Language Model Conceptual Argumentation) | Correlation with expert ratings (Pearson r) | 0.2749 | Third party | — | — | https://conceptualreasoning.ai/lmca via Epoch AI |
| SimpleBench | Score (AVG@5) | 41.2% | Third party | — | — | SimpleBench Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Mathematics
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FrontierMath Tier 4 (v1) | Accuracy | 4.2% | Independent | — | 18 Dec 2025 | Epoch AI |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1-3 (v1) | Accuracy | 4.8% | Independent | — | 18 Dec 2025 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 73.1% | Independent | — | 22 Apr 2025 | Epoch AI |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024-2025 | Accuracy | 70.8% | Independent | — | 20 May 2025 | Epoch AI |
Coding & software engineering
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aider Polyglot | Percent correct | 55.1% | Third party | 23K | — | https://aider.chat/docs/leaderboards/ via Epoch AI |
| Aider Polyglot | Percent correct | 47.1% | Third party | — | — | https://aider.chat/docs/leaderboards/ via Epoch AI |
| Aider Polyglot | Percent correct | 44.0% | Third party | — | — | https://aider.chat/docs/leaderboards/ via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 17.1% | Third party | — | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 17.1% | Third party | — | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 16.9% | Third party | — | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 16.9% | Third party | — | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 16.4% | Third party | — | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 16.4% | Third party | — | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 15.4% | Third party | — | — | https://www.tbench.ai/leaderboard/terminal-bench/2.0 via Epoch AI |
| Terminal-Bench 2.0 | Accuracy (mean over trials) | 15.4% | Third party | — | — | Terminal-Bench v2 Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| WeirdML (v2) | Average accuracy | 41.9% | Third party | 16k | — | https://htihle.github.io/weirdml.html via Epoch AI |
| WeirdML (v2) | Average accuracy | 41.0% | Third party | 16K | — | WeirdML Leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Agentic tool use
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BALROG | Average progress | 33.5% | Third party | — | — | https://balrogai.com/ via Epoch AI |
Professional knowledge work
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TheAgentCompany | Tasks resolved | 41.1% | Third party | — | — | TheAgentCompany leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Long context
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiction.LiveBench | % correct at 16K tokens (Epoch's column) | 77.8% | Third party | — | — | Fiction.live leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Fiction.LiveBench | % correct at 16K tokens (Epoch's column) | 47.2% | Third party | — | — | Fiction.live leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Vision & multimodal understanding
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GeoBench | Country accuracy | 76.0% | Third party | — | — | GeoBench leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| GeoBench | Country accuracy | 73.0% | Third party | — | — | GeoBench leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Visual Physics Comprehension Test (VPCT) | Correct | 46.2% | Third party | — | — | VPCT leaderboard via Epoch AI |
| Visual Physics Comprehension Test (VPCT) | Correct | 38.0% | Third party | — | — | VPCT leaderboard via Epoch AI |
Human preference
| Benchmark | Metric | Value | Provenance | Setting | Evaluated | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1409 | Independent | — | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1403 | Independent | — | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 125044 | Independent | — | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Text Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 32853 | Independent | — | 25 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1230 | Independent | — | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Arena score (Elo scale) | 1215 | Independent | — | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 60141 | Independent | — | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
| Vision Arena (arena.ai) | Votes | 4793 | Independent | — | 28 Sep 2026 | Arena |
Other Gemini Flash versions
- Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber16 Sep 2026
- Gemini 3.8 Flash2 Sep 2026
- Gemini 3.7 Flash13 Aug 2026
- Gemini 3.6 Flash21 Jul 2026
- Gemini 3.5 Flash19 May 2026
- Gemini 3 Flash17 Dec 2025
- Gemini 2.0 Flash Thinking19 Dec 2024
- Gemini 2.0 Flash11 Dec 2024
- Gemini 1.5 Flash-8B27 Aug 2024
- Gemini 1.5 Flash14 May 2024
Sources
- https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/models/gemini-2.5-flash
- https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/models/gemini-2.5-flash-preview-09-2025
- https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/deprecations
- https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/changelog
- https://ai.google.dev/gemini-api/docs/pricing
- https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/learn/model-versions